albgen

Note that when we speak of the Illyrians speaks of the ancestors of the Albanians.

Shqiperia (Albania) and situated in south-west of Balkan peninsula opposite the Apulia (from which separates the channel otranto) is wet from ionio and Adriatic seas, on land bordered to the south with greece, in the centre and north with macedonia, kosovo, and montenegro.Sotto the economically the country is dedicated mainly to agriculture and farming of livestock (mainly cattle and goats). But no shortage of mineral resources (it is the third world producer of chromium) and energy ( oil) only partially exploited. Another important item of trade consists in export of timber. Modest is instead the industrial structure, related to processing of agricultural and livestock minerali.Infine today and civilian infrastructure have improved further: roads. Railways. Ports, airports and telecommunications.

It seems strange to compare the ancient Albania, that is great and evolved Illyria, with the small Albania currently impossible and even deaths Adapted from the inhuman events of the last 50 years of ruthless communism, democracy is lately in Albania, recently, beginning with the capital (Tirana), its type of economy is beginning to flourish, are discos, clubs, etc. costly construction. but now we talk about many years ago, but very much before its recent history. The ancient Illyria, was the land of free "liri". It stretched in the Western Balkans to the south of the Danube and was formed by a number of different tribes who lived evolved around the city state, where the head was a single king, and several king succeeded to the throne during its history, here denote Only the last, those in the period of greatest flowering of 'Illyria.

The origins (2000 BC - 167 BC) Albania was inhabited since prehistoric times, as witnessed by various archaeological finds. The progenitors of Albanians are the Illyrians, indigenous population that occupied a very large territory, from the Danube to the Balkans. This gens has played an important role in political events of the Mediterranean way. The first manifestations of this civilization dates back to 'start of the second millennium BC, when they were frequent wars between tribes. That is the Illyrians were soon forced to join in alliances, so that their territory was transformed into a powerful state. Historical illustrious, as Demosthenes and Strabo, remember the value of these "tigers of war". In particular Strabo, who described all the Illyrian tribes, the appointment of Albanet. Around 1000 BC, the Illyrians occupied the territory of Albania fondandovi a kingdom. The clash with Rome, which sought to extend its control over 'Adriatic, it was inevitable: the Illyrian-Roman wars started in 229 BC ended in 167 BC with the victory of Rome. The Illyrian people was reduced to slavery and its territory was divided into small units' administration. The decadence of Rome and the barbarian invasions (fifth century. - XIV century). After the division of the Roman Empire in 395, the Albanian territories were assigned all'impero of the East. In the same year pero 'began a tragic series of raids Barbarian: Visigoths, Huns, Ostrogoths riversarono are in Illyria, Macedonia and Greece. Finally, in the late sixth century slave tribes Serbs reached the Albanian territory where many settled autonomous principalities and cancellarono from history much of the population, assimilating. Only Illyrians South resisted the hurricanes of the times, to reappear on the scene a few centuries later by the name of Albanoi.

All 'beginning of'900, under the threat of dismemberment and' annexation of territory by the Balkan monarchies, the revolutionary forces resumed Albanian force: in 1910 outbreak 'revolt against the Turks. During the first Balkan war, in response to incursions into Albanian territory of the enemy coalition, Ismail Kemal Bey November 28, 1912 proclaimed independence. The European powers recognized this independence but entrusted power to the German Prince William of Wied (April 1914). Between the two wars (1914 - 1945) The outbreak of World War spazzò via this fragile political construction. Italy, Greece and several other countries occupied Albania, whose independence was finally recognised in 1920.

Prime Minister of Albania. Guidò the first national government of Albania which became an independent state on November 28, 1912. Minacciato by an unjust division of Albanian territories for the decision of European powers under the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire, November 21, 1912 patriots Albanians, led by Ismail Qemali, landed in Durres and Vlora until arrived at the city more important in Albania. In Vlora all delegates of regions and Kosovar Albanians organized a meeting in which he was proclaimed the independence of Albania as a sovereign state. Cosi 'Ismail Qemali, passed down in history as the old by white beard, got up in front of a crowd of thousands of people are coming from all territories the Albanian flag and proclaimed the independence of Albania by the Ottoman Empire, protecting the country from aggressive intentions in neighbouring countries.

Continuous internal crisis, the country: in 1924 it unleashed the bourgeois-democratic revolution against the reactionary landowners and a few months climbed to power a progressive government. The counterrevolution did not wait and democratic government was overthrown by reactionaries led by Ahmet Zogu, who became elected in 1925 president of the republic and in 1928 was proclaimed king (in reality with dictatorial powers). Under this scheme, 'Albania continued to be the most backward country in Europe: in 1938,' 80% of the population lived agriculture l 'education and cultural institutions were missing entirely, there was no health care; malaria was a social disease l 'average age was 38 years.

7 April 1939. Italian troops occupy Albania. King Zogu, who was his support for the Italian throne and was supported and funded for many years from Rome, was accused of directing the policy of his country's interests against those of Italy. Zogu fled to Egypt

In April 1939 the Italian forces attacked Albania. The king fled. Despite the popular resistance, the Italian fascist government proclaimed the annexation of Kosovo and Albania to Italy. In the summer of 1943 the partisans Albanians defeated the Italian army and freed the regions. The eight September capitulated fascist Italy and Albania was invaded by troops Germaniche. Nazzisti declared that I would have respected the independence of Albania united to Kosovo and that they would not have interfered in their internal affairs. The Albanian partisans fought for the liberation of Albania. At the end of the war the Front of National Liberation gathered beneath itself all internal forces antifasciste is yes allineo with the major powers winning. The official day of liberation was in Albania on November 29, 1944

After the withdrawal of German troops (proclamation of liberation November 29, 1944, a national holiday), Hoxha proclaimed on 11 February 1945 the People's Republic of Albania. The People's Republic d 'Albania (1945 - 1991) The regime of Hoxha had a huge task ahead: to bring the' Albania out of centuries of obscurantism, a medieval extended up to our days. There was therefore an urgent need to bind to more advanced nations. But the memory of centuries of foreign oppression was too alive because the giovanme State prestasse to allenze that restrict the 'ideological and political independence. Then comes the ballet allenza and broken-even clamorose-communist countries with "brothers". Until 1948 there was a customs union and monetary union with Yugoslavia, but the rupture between Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union pushed the only Albania and decisively towards the USSR. With the destalinizzazione launched nell'URSS starting in 1956, relations between the two states is cooled and after a final rupture, which occurred in 1961, Albania came to the People's Republic of China. The invasion of Soviet troops in Czechoslovakia in 1968 determined the exit of Albania from the Warsaw Pact. In 1977-78 Albania (which had meanwhile become completely isolated from Europe), dissentendo dall'orientamento pragmatic adopted by Beijing, provided that the distances also from China. Hoxha led the rebirth of the country with iron fist, drawing up a constitution of strong Stalinist, banning private ownership and the ability to profess a faith, freeing themselves of unscrupulous political opponents, and giving life to Segurimi, fearsome police state with tasks of espionage (apparently there was involved nearly half the population). For the terror of possible invasions, covered the territory of concrete bunkers, today diroccati shelters of nomads and animals. Later, however, after Hoxha's death occurred in 1985, 'Albania seem' no longer endure the "dictatorship of the proletariat", and amounted to a cautious opening of the country; Hoxha's successor, Ramiz Alia, gave a start economic and political rapprochement with the West and, under pressure burst of bloody rebellions throughout the country, some concession and some reform, however, hampered by the heirs of Hoxha still widely supported in the countryside: In the 1991 elections they won a large parliamentary majority, making it uncertain and difficult process of democratization of the regime. Meanwhile, the poorest and exasperated the population begins to take the road of 'expatriation.

Enver Hoxha - The Albanian dictator Born in Gjirokastër October 16, 1908 and was a politician in Albania. Guided Albania by the end of World War II until his death in 1985 as first secretary of the Albanian Labour Party (communist party). It was also prime minister of Albania from 1944 to 1954 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1946 to 1953. Under Hoxha, whose government was characterized isolated from the rest of Europe and the firm adherence to Stalinism, Albania was lifted from semi-feudalism to become an industrialized state. The political repression of Hoxha in Albania caused many victims. R. J. Rummel had assumed 100,000 killings (1945-87). The Washington Times on February 15, 1994 has estimated 5,000 to 25,000 executions policies. The WHPS spoke about 5,235 opponents of the regime executed from 1948 to 1952. The latest figure, which appears as the most likely, is that given the August 8, 1997 by the New York Times, who spoke of 5,000 executions policies. Instead the first figure, that of Rummel, now seems to date as exaggerated.

Population Most of the Albanian population has a very homogeneous ethnic composition: the profile of citizenship in 97.8% of cases are ethnic Albanians, who descended from Illyrians, who lived Indo population once the region. This theory was confirmed also by recent studies in Albania and in Europe by anthropologists, geneticists and archaeologists on a number of individuals descendants geneologica union with blood of Albanian nationality. At the Albanian ethnic group they belong, allocated to the north, and who inhabit the southern areas of the country. Esigue linguistic minorities are represented by: Greeks, inhabitants in rural areas in the extreme south near the border with Greece; Slav Macedonians, southeast near Lake Prespa, Montenegrins, north of Lake Shkoder; Bosnians, in rural areas near Durres, Turks, Gypsies and Bulgarians. Many Albanians (about 2,500,000) living in neighbouring under the protectorate of the United Nations and (resolution Nr.1244). Another group of Albania (approximately 560,000 units of people) live in, 50000 in northern Greece but are not recognized by the Greek authorities to territorial issues, the area now called Cameria and other 123,000 Albanians are citizens of the new Republic of Albania, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Albanian Slovenia.La lasted for centuries and covers many countries, primarily Italy. It is estimated that the oldest immigration was one that riguardò 200,000 people in the community. In Turkey there are 600,000 and the United States of America are 500,000 Albanians from Kosovo, Albania, Montenegro and Macedonia. Other thousands of people of Albanian origin are Romania, Bulgaria, Syria, Egypt, Argentina.

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